'Significant concern' for England after Atkinson leaves the field due to a hamstring issue.
The pace bowler further complicated the fitness woes of the England squad when he left the field during Saturday's play of the Boxing Day Test against Australia.
The right-arm seamer pulled up with his left leg immediately following a delivery in his spell during the morning session.
The England team indicated Atkinson reported "discomfort" and would spend time on the sidelines to undergo evaluation "in the coming hours".
The series decider of the series in Sydney gets underway this coming Sunday.
The visitors have previously lost fast bowlers Mark Wood with a knee problem and Jofra Archer to a side strain on this Ashes tour.
A replacement bowler was added to the party as cover for Wood.
His form was underwhelming early in the series, taking just a handful of scalps.
He was omitted of the third Test, then recalled for the Boxing Day match in the playing XI.
Surrey's Atkinson performed better in the fourth Test, claiming a couple of wickets during the host's first knock, and scoring 28 runs as a batsman among just a trio of England players who passed ten runs.
After bowling one over late on the first day, he came back for the second day's play and had nightwatchman Scott Boland caught behind.
Unfortunately, on the final ball of that over, he sent down a slower ball to Travis Head and immediately felt at his leg.
The English bowler was brought back for the Boxing Day Test following his omission the previous Test.
